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A Certificate of Analysis (COA) is a laboratory document that records the results of testing performed on a specific kratom material. It is not a summary of how a material should be evaluated or compared, and it does not describe future batches.
Instead, a COA provides a snapshot of what was measured in a single tested sample, using defined methods and detection limits.
Understanding how to read a COA makes it easier to interpret extract documentation accurately and avoid drawing conclusions that the data does not support.
A COA documents laboratory measurements taken at a specific point in time.
Each report corresponds to:
One submitted sample
One testing period
One set of analytical methods
Because of this, a COA reflects measured values only, not expectations, averages, or guarantees. Even materials produced using the same process can show variation between batches due to natural and analytical factors.
COAs are best understood as records of measurement rather than evaluations of suitability or emphasis.
The top section of a COA contains identifying information supplied by the testing laboratory. This section establishes context for the results that follow.
Common elements include:
This information confirms what material was tested and when the analysis occurred. It does not indicate quality by itself, but it is essential for verifying that results apply to the correct batch.
Most COAs include a field describing the matrix of the tested material. The matrix refers to the physical or chemical form submitted for analysis, such as a concentrate, refined extract, or salt-based material.
Matrix classification matters because it affects:
Different kratom extract formats are often assigned different matrix designations during testing.
Understanding how formats are defined at a laboratory level provides helpful context when reviewing reported values.
A broader explanation of extract formats can be found in the overview of kratom extract format.
The alkaloid panel is the section most readers focus on. This panel lists the specific alkaloids tested and the measured concentration of each.
Key points to understand:
Primary alkaloids such as mitragynine are generally reported at higher concentrations than secondary alkaloids, which often appear at lower levels and with greater variability.
These differences are expected and reflect both natural variation and refinement approach.
Alkaloid panels describe what was measured in the tested sample only. They do not describe how the material should be interpreted beyond those measurements.
Many COAs include results marked as ND, meaning Not Detected. This designation is often misunderstood.
ND indicates that:
The analyze was tested
The measured amount was below the laboratory’s detection capability
It does not mean the compound is absent or irrelevant.
To understand ND results, it is important to review the accompanying detection limits:
LOD (Limit of Detection): the lowest concentration that can be reliably detected
LOQ (Limit of Quantification): the lowest concentration that can be accurately measured
Detection limits vary by compound, method, and testing date. As a result, the same material tested at different times may show slightly different reporting outcomes without any change in the material itself.
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Some COAs include pass or fail indicators for certain test categories. These indicators apply only to the specific analysis performed and the criteria used by the testing laboratory.
Important distinctions:
Pass/fail results do not compare materials to one another
They do not describe consistency across batches
They apply only to the tested sample and test conditions
These sections confirm whether the sample met the lab’s stated criteria for that analysis, nothing more.
When residual solvent testing is included, the panel often lists a wide range of solvents. The presence of a solvent name on the panel indicates that it was included in the scope of testing, not that it was used during processing.
Common characteristics of solvent panels include:
Many solvents reported as not detected
Individual detection limits listed for each compound
A pass designation when laboratory criteria are met
Solvent panels should be read as part of the analytical record, not as a description of how a material was produced.
Every COA corresponds to a single batch or submission. It does not establish averages, future expectations, or long-term specifications.
This distinction is especially important when reviewing extracts, where format-level descriptions and observed patterns are sometimes discussed separately.
Format context can help explain why values fall within certain ranges, but only the published COA describes what was measured for that specific batch.
This same principle applies when evaluating extract quality more broadly, where laboratory documentation plays a central role in interpretation.
A COA is most useful when it is read for what it is designed to provide:
Verification that testing occurred
Documentation of measured values
Clarity around detection limits and methods
Batch-specific reference information
It is not intended to predict outcomes, establish rankings, or replace contextual understanding of extract formats and processing.
When interpreted carefully, a Certificate of Analysis provides a clear, factual record of laboratory measurement—no more, and no less.
The All Natural Artisan editorial team brings over a two decades of combined hands-on experience in kratom cultivation, genetic selection, formulation, and small-batch extraction. Our writers and researchers work closely with trusted suppliers and lab partners to ensure every piece of content is accurate, up-to-date, and rooted in real industry knowledge.
We stay informed on evolving FDA guidance and botanical regulations, and we’re committed to providing safe, transparent education to help you make informed decisions about the natural products we offer. Every article is carefully reviewed for factual integrity, with a focus on product quality, sourcing practices, and responsiblity.
Before being published, all content is reviewed by our in-house compliance and quality assurance team to ensure alignment with current regulatory best practices. With direct sourcing relationships and extensive product testing protocols, we don’t just write about Kratom — we live it, grow it, and test it.
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